If You Traded Bitcoin, You Should Report Capital Gains To The IRS
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| If You Traded Bitcoin, You Should Report Capital Gains To The IRS |
- If You Traded Bitcoin, You Should Report Capital Gains To The IRS
The IRS considers cryptocurrencies, including Bitcoin, to be “intangible property.” Investors and traders holding cryptocurrency as a capital asset should use capital gain or loss tax treatment on sales and exchanges, with the realization method. For example, if you buy Bitcoins with U.S. dollars and later sell them for U.S. dollars, a capital gain or loss needs to be reported on that transaction.
Americans also trade Bitcoins or leveraged Bitcoin contracts on Bitcoin exchanges, and they should report realized capital gains and losses on each trade, even if the trader doesn’t convert underlying Bitcoin back into U.S. dollars.
It’s similar to having a foreign-based brokerage account, denominated in a foreign currency (i.e., Euros), where a trader buys and sells European equities held in Euros, and does not convert Euros back to U.S. dollars during the year. Two choices for tax reporting: Convert Bitcoin to U.S. dollars on each purchase and sale transaction using the Bitcoin market price that day denominated in U.S. dollars, or use Bitcoin as a functional currency, using an average Bitcoin vs. U.S. dollar conversion rate for the tax year.
The CFTC does not permit American retail customers to trade leveraged Bitcoin contracts on Bitcoin exchanges. (Read my related blog post: If You Want To Trade Bitcoins, First Learn CFTC Rules.)
Whether it’s legal or not under CFTC regulations, the IRS requires American resident taxpayers to report Bitcoin trading income and losses worldwide on U.S. resident tax returns. It doesn’t matter whether you repatriate funds back to the U.S., or not.
IRS guidance on cryptocurrency
In March 2014, the IRS issued long-awaited guidance (IRS Notice 2014-21) labeling cryptocurrency, including Bitcoin, “intangible property.” Investors and traders hold Bitcoin as a capital asset, so it receives capital gain and loss treatment. The AICPA and others have requested further guidance on virtual currency from the IRS. For investors and traders, I have a few unresolved questions below.
Intangible property is not a security, yet it seems logical that several tax rules for investors and traders are similar, whereas a few others are not.
